Cherry eye is a common eye condition in dogs that can be concerning for any pet owner. It occurs when the gland of the third eyelid, which helps produce tears, becomes swollen and protrudes. Understanding why dogs get cherry eye can help you recognize the signs early and seek proper treatment to protect your dog’s eye health.

We’ll explore the causes of cherry eye, how it affects your dog, and what you can do to manage or prevent this condition. With the right knowledge, you can ensure your dog stays comfortable and avoid complications from untreated cherry eye.

What Is Cherry Eye in Dogs?

Cherry eye refers to the prolapse of the third eyelid gland in dogs. This gland normally sits behind the third eyelid and produces a significant portion of the tear film that keeps the eye moist. When the gland slips out of place, it appears as a red, swollen mass in the corner of the eye, resembling a cherry.

This condition is more than just a cosmetic issue. The exposed gland can become irritated, dry, and infected if left untreated. Understanding the anatomy of the third eyelid helps explain why cherry eye happens and why it needs prompt attention.

• The third eyelid gland produces about 30-50% of the tear film, essential for eye lubrication and health.

• When the gland prolapses, it loses protection and can dry out, leading to inflammation and discomfort for your dog.

• Cherry eye often appears suddenly and is more common in younger dogs under two years old.

• It can affect one or both eyes, and the severity varies depending on how much the gland protrudes.

Recognizing cherry eye early allows you to consult your veterinarian for the best treatment options and prevent further eye damage.

Common Causes of Cherry Eye in Dogs

Cherry eye happens when the connective tissue that holds the third eyelid gland in place weakens or fails. This causes the gland to slip out of its normal position. While the exact cause is not always clear, several factors contribute to this condition.

Some breeds are genetically predisposed to cherry eye, indicating that inherited tissue weakness plays a significant role. Other causes include trauma or inflammation that can loosen the gland’s attachments.

• Genetics: Certain breeds like Bulldogs, Beagles, and Cocker Spaniels have a higher risk due to inherited connective tissue weakness.

• Age: Young dogs, especially under two years old, are more prone because their tissues are still developing and may be less stable.

• Trauma or irritation: Injury or chronic eye irritation can weaken the gland’s attachments, leading to prolapse.

• Inflammation: Allergies or infections causing swelling around the third eyelid may contribute to gland displacement.

Understanding these causes helps you identify dogs at risk and take preventive measures when possible.

Signs and Symptoms to Watch For

Cherry eye is usually easy to spot because of its distinctive appearance. However, some dogs may show additional symptoms related to discomfort or secondary eye problems. Being aware of these signs helps you act quickly to protect your dog’s vision.

Besides the visible red mass, your dog may show behavioral changes or eye issues that indicate irritation or pain.

• Visible red or pink swelling at the inner corner of the eye, often resembling a small cherry.

• Excessive tearing or discharge due to irritation and gland exposure.

• Frequent pawing or rubbing of the affected eye, indicating discomfort or itchiness.

• Squinting or sensitivity to light, which may show your dog is experiencing pain.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to have your dog examined by a veterinarian promptly to prevent complications.

Diagnosis and Veterinary Examination

When you bring your dog to the vet for a suspected cherry eye, the veterinarian will perform a thorough eye examination. This includes assessing the prolapsed gland, checking for infections, and evaluating tear production to ensure overall eye health.

Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and to avoid long-term damage such as dry eye or chronic inflammation.

• The vet will gently manipulate the third eyelid to confirm the gland’s prolapse and assess its severity.

• Tests like the Schirmer tear test may be done to measure tear production and check for dry eye risk.

• Eye staining with fluorescein dye can reveal any corneal ulcers or scratches caused by irritation.

• In some cases, the vet may recommend blood tests or allergy screening if inflammation is suspected to be a contributing factor.

Accurate diagnosis guides the treatment plan and helps determine if surgery or medical management is needed.

Treatment Options for Cherry Eye

Treatment for cherry eye usually involves surgery to reposition the gland back into place. Simply removing the gland is generally avoided because it can lead to dry eye, a serious condition that affects tear production permanently.

Medical management alone is rarely effective but may be used temporarily to reduce inflammation before surgery.

• Surgical replacement of the gland is the preferred method to restore normal anatomy and preserve tear production.

• Anti-inflammatory eye drops or ointments may be prescribed to reduce swelling and discomfort before or after surgery.

• In rare cases where surgery is not possible, gland removal may be considered but requires lifelong tear supplementation.

• Postoperative care includes preventing your dog from rubbing the eye and monitoring for signs of infection or recurrence.

Discussing all treatment options with your vet ensures the best outcome for your dog’s eye health and comfort.

Preventing Cherry Eye and Managing Risks

While you can’t always prevent cherry eye, especially in genetically predisposed dogs, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk or catch it early. Good eye care and regular veterinary checkups are key to managing your dog’s eye health.

Being proactive helps minimize complications and keeps your dog comfortable.

• Regularly check your dog’s eyes for any redness, swelling, or unusual discharge to catch problems early.

• Avoid exposing your dog to irritants like smoke, dust, or allergens that can inflame the eyes and third eyelid.

• Keep your dog’s face clean and free from debris that might cause irritation or injury to the eyes.

• Schedule routine veterinary exams to monitor eye health, especially if your dog belongs to a high-risk breed.

Early detection and prompt treatment are the best ways to protect your dog from the discomfort and complications of cherry eye.

Long-Term Outlook and Care After Treatment

With proper treatment, most dogs recover well from cherry eye surgery and maintain good eye health. However, some dogs may experience recurrence or develop dry eye later in life, requiring ongoing care.

Understanding what to expect after treatment helps you support your dog’s recovery and maintain their comfort.

• Most dogs heal quickly after gland replacement surgery, with minimal complications if postoperative care is followed closely.

• Recurrence rates vary but can be reduced by choosing an experienced surgeon and following aftercare instructions.

• Some dogs may develop dry eye months or years later, needing artificial tears or other treatments to keep eyes moist.

• Regular follow-up visits with your vet ensure any changes in eye health are detected and managed promptly.

By staying vigilant and providing attentive care, you can help your dog enjoy healthy eyes and a comfortable life after cherry eye treatment.

Conclusion

Cherry eye is a common but manageable condition affecting many dogs, especially certain breeds. It happens when the third eyelid gland prolapses, causing a red, swollen mass in the eye corner. Understanding why dogs get cherry eye helps you recognize the signs and seek timely veterinary care.

Treatment usually involves surgery to reposition the gland, preserving tear production and preventing complications. With proper care and monitoring, most dogs recover well and continue to enjoy good eye health. Regular checkups and eye care are essential to catch any issues early and keep your dog comfortable.

FAQs

Can cherry eye go away on its own without treatment?

Cherry eye rarely resolves without treatment because the gland remains prolapsed. Leaving it untreated can lead to irritation, infection, and dry eye, so veterinary care is important.

Is cherry eye painful for dogs?

Cherry eye can cause discomfort and irritation, leading to pawing or squinting. While not usually severely painful, it should be treated to prevent worsening symptoms.

Are certain dog breeds more prone to cherry eye?

Yes, breeds like Bulldogs, Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Shih Tzus are more likely to develop cherry eye due to genetic factors affecting connective tissue strength.

What is the success rate of cherry eye surgery?

Surgical gland replacement has a high success rate, often above 90%, especially when performed by experienced veterinarians with proper postoperative care.

Can cherry eye recur after surgery?

Recurrence can happen in some cases but is less common with proper surgical technique and care. Follow-up exams help detect and manage any recurrence early.